Tomoko Naito,1 Lanyards Keiji Yoshikawa,2 Shiro Mizoue,3 Mami Nanno,4 Tairo Kimura,5 Hirotaka Suzumura,6 Ryuji Takeda,7 Fumio Shiraga1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, 2Yoshikawa Eye Clinic, Tokyo, 3Department of Ophthalmology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, 4Kagurazaka Min
Objective: This study combines Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and carbon footprint analysis based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method to reduce the carbon footprint of surgical instrument trays and their use.Materials and methods: A case study was carried out quantifying the instrument usage during the radical hysterectomy procedure.Using L
Across European countries, differences exist in biosimilar policies, leading to variations in uptake of biosimilars and divergences in savings all over Europe.The aim of this article is to provide an overview of different initiatives and policies that may influence the uptake of biosimilars in different European countries.Recommendations will be fo